Diet for pancreatic pancreatitis

The pancreas is part of the gastrointestinal tract and at the same time a gland of mixed secretion.When food enters the human digestive system, it reacts by producing enzymes that are secreted into the duodenum and help break down the food in the intestines.On the other hand, the gland produces the hormones insulin and glucagon, which enter the blood and maintain a normal blood glucose level.

What is pancreatitis and its forms

Pancreatitis is an inflammation of the pancreas, during which the tissue of the gland becomes inflamed, the process of production and intake of necessary enzymes in the intestines is disrupted.The inflamed gland increases in size, its internal channels narrow, which does not allow digestive juices to pass into the duodenum.Enzymes that remain in the gland begin to break down the gland itself, which leads to sad consequences.

There is an acute form of pancreatitis that is caused by poor nutrition or inflammatory diseases in the body and does not last long with proper treatment.If the action of irritating factors is long-term or frequent, chronic pancreatitis occurs, which can develop after an acute process.

The approach to the treatment of pancreatitis is complex, and a special diet plays an important role in it, without which the effectiveness of the treatment is extremely low.

Principles of nutrition for pancreatitis

The principles of the diet for acute pancreatitis are that it is generally recommended to fast for the first 3 days.During this time, the necessary nutrition is delivered by intravenous infusions without irritating the intestines.The entry of food into the intestines always leads to an increase in the production of digestive enzymes, and in the case of acute inflammation it is important to reduce this activity as much as possible;after a few days the diet is gradually expanded.In the beginning, only plain water is allowed, sometimes non-carbonated mineral water, preferably alkaline water, weak tea.

Then, for chronic pancreatitis from day 3, and for acute pancreatitis after day 5, the following provisions are used:

• frequency of meals at least 5 times a day to ensure even release of enzymes without significant stress and reduce inflammation;
• the amount of fat and carbohydrates is reduced as much as possible, and protein products are increased;
• the volume of food at one time does not exceed 150-200 ml;
• use warm food 20-60 degrees in mashed or pureed form;
• chew your food thoroughly and take your time;
• Do not drink during meals, limit salt intake to 4-5 grams per day;
• exclude foods that cause bloating;
• In order to save chemicals, you cannot use spices and hot spices;
• Use only boiled or baked foods and do not use fried, smoked or canned ingredients.

Characteristics of diet for pancreatitis

It is important to remember that the diet for pancreatitis of the pancreas must be followed constantly, otherwise the body will react with repeated inflammation and the consequences will be negative.In acute pancreatitis, the condition can be very serious and death cannot be ruled out.

Considering the increase in the share of protein products in the diet, the main part of them should be animals in the form of turkey, chicken or young beef.Carbohydrates should be slightly more than 300 grams per day with a limit on regular sugar or jam, fat in a minimal amount, protein products make up more than half of the diet.

Allowed and prohibited foods on the diet for gastric pancreatitis

There are a large number of allowed foods on the diet for gastric pancreatitis, so the diet can be made as diverse as possible:

• boiled or roasted meat of rabbit, veal and poultry (fatty), boiled tongue;
• lean fish such as hake or pollock, boiled, baked or in soufflé form;
• various cereals, preferably rice or oatmeal as part of porridge, soup or casserole;
• bread after drying in the oven, biscuits, cooked pasta;
• milk and lactic acid products, diluted with a low fat content as an addition to main products or cottage cheese casserole, diet cheese and cottage cheese made from skimmed milk;
• boiled or baked vegetables - potatoes and pumpkins, root vegetables, beets or carrots, fresh pumpkin;
• eggs (only whites) in the form of an omelette or casserole, vegetable oil in moderate quantities;
• ripe unsweetened or baked fruit, jelly or berry puree;
• soft drinks, diluted juices, rosehip fruit drinks.

The following foods are prohibited on the diet during an exacerbation of pancreatitis:

• fried or roasted meat, all offal;lamb or goose, fat and smoked meat, stew in jars;
• marinated seafood, rich fish broth or canned food;
• prepared dishes from legumes and rich broths;
• fresh bread, pastries, fried pies;
• natural fat of sour cream, cream, whole milk in large quantities;
• garlic, mushrooms, radishes are strictly prohibited (turnips and fresh vegetables are limited);
• egg yolk and fresh natural butter;
• a large amount of fresh sweet fruit, cabbage and sorrel;
• coffee, strong tea, concentrated lemonades and all carbonated drinks, alcohol of any strength or energy;
• ice cream, butter cakes, chocolate, any cakes;
• hot spices, marinades, sausages and smoked meats.

Contraindications to diet for pancreatitis

Considering the characteristics of the diet for gastric pancreatitis, there are also contraindications for it.

They concern patients with kidney diseases or protein metabolism disorders:

• with pyelonephritis or glomerulonephritis with decompensation of the process;
• patients with urolithiasis;
• in acute or chronic kidney failure;
• in gout and purine base metabolism disorders;
• in the presence of multiple myeloma;
• with hormonal imbalance or thyroid problems;
• for precancerous background diseases, because excess protein is dangerous for malignancy;
• with severe obesity or diabetes, especially with diabetic nephropathy, i.e. kidney damage.

By increasing the amount of protein products in the diet, the load on the kidneys increases and, in the presence of chronic diseases, their work is disturbed.

Diet for pancreatitis: menu for a week

Let's consider a sample food menu for a week for acute or chronic pancreatitis of the pancreas.

Monday

1. Breakfast.Water porridge of ground buckwheat, boiled chicken breast.Curd pudding, weak tea.
2. Lunch.Fruit puree, whipped in a blender, biscuits.
3. Dinner.Creamy rice soup, steamed veal cutlets, apricot jelly.
4. A snack.Carrot casserole with tea.
5. Dinner.Fish pate with oatmeal.Apple compote.
6. Before going to sleep.Currant juice.

Tuesday

1. Breakfast.Mashed potatoes with beef puree.Biscuits, fruit tea.
2. Lunch.Protein omelet, carrot puree.
3. Dinner.Ground buckwheat soup with rabbit meatballs.Zucchini casserole, weak tea.
4. A snack.Grated beetroot salad, fruit juice with breadcrumbs.
5. Dinner.Steamed turkey cutlets with rice porridge puree.Apple jelly.
6. Before going to sleep.Rosehip juice.

Wednesday

1. Breakfast.Oatmeal without sugar.Carrot casserole with tea.
2. Lunch.Baked apples with crackers and apricot juice.
3. Dinner.Hake fish stew, mashed potatoes with sour cream.Pear jelly with croutons.
4. A snack.Zucchini casserole with tea and biscuits.
5. Dinner.Steamed rabbit cutlets with pureed buckwheat porridge.Currant compote.
6. Before going to sleep.A glass of kefir.

Thursday

1. Breakfast.Rice pudding with boiled beef.Tea with cookies.
2. Lunch.Boiled beetroot salad with yogurt and biscuits.
3. Dinner.Soup with weak chicken broth and buckwheat.Vegetable meatballs, fruit jelly.
4. A snack.Fresh cheese with cream, tea with marshmallow.
5. Dinner.Vegetable casserole with meatballs.Dried fruit compote.
6. Before going to sleep.Apple juice.

Friday

1. Breakfast.Crushed oatmeal with steamed beef chops.Tea with fruit pudding.
2. Lunch.Steamed fish meatballs, apple jelly.
3. Dinner.Rabbit soup with boiled meat.Pumpkin casserole with sour cream, tea without sugar.
4. A snack.Egg white omelette with apple juice.
5. Dinner.Turkey meat and vegetable stew.Tea with cookies.
6. Before going to sleep.Ryazhenka is low in fat.

Saturday

1. Breakfast.Cooked pasta with chicken pate.Unsweetened tea.
2. Lunch.Pumpkin porridge with unsweetened yogurt.
3. Dinner.Pumpkin and veal soup puree.Zucchini stew and cranberry jelly.
4. A snack.Apple puree, a cup of kefir.
5. Dinner.Steamed fish cutlets with oatmeal.Tea with biscuits.
6. Before going to sleep.Apricot compote.

Sunday

1. Breakfast.Casserole with beef and vegetables.Ryazhenka with cookies.
2. Lunch.Curd pudding and fruit puree.
3. Dinner.Pumpkin and potato soup.Chicken meatballs with oatmeal.Fresh fruit compote.
4. A snack.Carrot pudding with unsweetened tea.
5. Dinner.Hake and zucchini casserole.Apple jelly.
6. Before going to sleep.Fresh fermented baked milk.

When creating the menu and preparing the food, it is necessary to keep in mind that the products must be fresh, and the cooking methods must be boiling or baking.It is not recommended to combine different proteins at the same time, and small portions are recommended to reduce the burden on the pancreas.

Diet for pancreatitis: reviews of nutritionists

Feedback from nutritionists about diet for pancreatitis is as follows.Its main details are aimed at reducing the load on the gland with food and reducing the production of digestive juice, which supports inflammation.In addition to these effects, this diet prevents diseases of the liver and bile ducts, as it normalizes the frequency of bile secretion into the intestines.However, against the background of restrictions, one should keep in mind the sufficient amount of vitamins in the diet to avoid vitamin deficiency.

If the patient's body lacks its own enzymes, the absorption of nutrients from food is reduced.Preparations containing the necessary enzymes in granulated or encapsulated forms are used to correct the absorption of nutrients.Special medicinal capsules enhance the action of enzymes in a specific place in the digestive system for maximum effect.

In acute pancreatitis, maximum grinding of food is important, but in chronic pancreatitis, in order to maintain the physiological functioning of the digestive tract, food should not be thoroughly chopped or pureed, although thermal processing should be done without frying or grilling.The more balanced the diet, the less likely adverse outcomes will occur.In case of acute pancreatitis, the diet should be followed for at least 2-3 months;in the case of a chronic disease, it is advisable to monitor it for life.